Rodents of the Subfamily Caviinae (hystricognathi, Caviidae) as Hosts for Hard Ticks (acari: Ixodidae)

نویسندگان

  • Alberto A. Guglielmone
  • Santiago Nava
چکیده

There are only 33 records of rodents of the subfamily Caviinae Fischer de Waldheim, 1817 (Hystricognathi: Caviidae) infested by hard ticks in South America, where the subfamily is established. Caviinae is formed by three genera: Cavia Pallas, 1766, Galea Meyen, 1833 and Microcavia Gervais and Ameghino, 1880. Records of Amblyomma pictum Neumann, 1906, A. dissimile Koch, 1844 and A. pseudoparvum Guglielmone, Keirans and Mangold, 1990 are considered doubtful. Bona fide records are all for localities south of the Amazonian basin in Argentina, Bolivia, Uruguay and Brazil. Thirteen records are for A. tigrinum Koch, 1844, four for A. triste Koch, 1844, three for A. parvum Aragão, 1908 (larvae and nymphs of these three species), one for A. cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) (nymph), four for Ixodes longiscutatus Boero, 1944 (females, nymphs and larvae) and one record for I. loricatus Neumann, 1899 (female). Rodents of the subfamily Caviinae are vital for the life cycle of A. tigrinum and A. parvum and probably for A. triste and I. longiscutatus. It is hypothesized that Ixodidae precedes Caviinae in establishment in South America (Neotropical), therefore this host-relationship is relatively recent measured in evolutionary times starting in late Miocene or afterwards. Rodents of the subfamily Caviinae appears to be relevant for the life cycle and speciation of hard ticks in South America as shown by studies carried out in Argentina and Uruguay. This role has been hidden presumably because this type of hosts was ignored in most ecological tick studies performed in South America. RESUMEN: Roedores de la subfamilia Caviinae como hospedadores para garrapatas duras (Acari: Ixodidae). Existen solamente 33 registros de roedores de la subfamilia Caviinae Fischer de Waldheim, 1817 (Hystricognathi: Caviidae) infestados por garrapatas duras en Sudamérica, donde la subfamilia está establecida. Caviinae está formado por los géneros Cavia Pallas, 1766, Galea Meyen, 1833 y Microcavia Gervais y Ameghino, 1880. Los registros de Amblyomma pictum Neumann, 1906, A. dissimile Koch, 1844 y A. pseudoparvum Guglielmone, Keirans y Mangold, 1990 son considerados dudosos. Registros fehacientes fueron realizados al sur de la Amazonia, en Argentina, Bolivia Uruguay y Brasil. Trece registros son para A. tigrinum Koch, 1844, cuatro para A. triste Koch, 1844, tres para A. parvum Aragão, 1908, uno para A. cajennense (Fabricius, 1787), cuatro para Ixodes longiscutatus Boero, 1944 y uno para I. loricatus Neumann, 1899. Los roedores de la subfamilia Caviinae son vitales para el ciclo biológico de A. tigrinum y A. parvum y probablemente también para A. triste e I. longiscutatus. La hipótesis planteada consiste en que Ixodidae precede a Caviinae en su establecimiento en Sudamérica, por lo tanto la formación de esta relación hospedador-parásito es relativamente reciente medida en tiempos evolutivos, con un comienzo no anterior al Mioceno tardío. De acuerdo a estudios realizados en Argentina y Uruguay, los roedores de la subfamilia Caviinae son relevantes en el ciclo biológico y en los procesos de especiación de garrapatas duras en Sudamérica. El papel de estos roedores en la evolución de garrapatas sudamericanas es subvalorado porque 280 AA Guglielmone and S Nava Mastozoología Neotropical, 17(2):279-286, Mendoza, 2010 http://www.sarem.org.ar

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تاریخ انتشار 2011